托福备考-托福阅读（否定）事实信息题

浏览次数：2794    发布时间：2012-11-05

 

 

Fact(事实）类型的问题是选择和文章内容一致的部分，而negative fact类型的问题就是选择和文章内容不一致的部分。虽然这两者有不同，但是从确定文章和选项是否一致或是否相反这点来看，做题的原理是一样的。每段短文一般有fact类型题3~5个，negative fact问题一般有0~1个。这类问题出现频率较高，但其一般是对一段内容而不是全文的信息的考查，所以属于较容易的题目，其基本题型构成如下：

 

According to paragraph X,........?

According to paragraph X, which of the following is NOT true......?

According to paragraph X, all of the following are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT......?

 

出题意图

1.确定对短文的基本理解

一般来说所有的阅读题里都包含这样的题型。但是托福的事实题和一般阅读题不同。托福短文的长度一般是700词，所以每个问题可以参照的段落比较固定。这一部分重点考查考生是否理解了核心的内容或者概念。

 

2.理解深层意思，确定是否能活用其他多种表达方式

   大部分正确答案都是用另外一种表达方式来体现原文的意思，目的就是为了防止不理解深层意思而机械性选择和原文相似的选项。

 

例题分析

The Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age culture that is believed to have thrived on the island of Crete from around 2700 to 1450 BC.Reaching so far back into antiquity, it is impossible to verify an exact timeline of the Minoan. However, using remains of Minoan pottery, as well as other archaeological evidence found at ancient palace sites, researchers have been able to trace the general development of Minoan society.

 

The earliest known pottery was largely functional. Hand-made, as opposed to later works that were created with the help of a pottery wheel, these pieces were fashioned into rough jar and cup shapes. They tended to have simple, linear patterns, and they were often a dull red or brown color.

 

1. According to paragraph 1, the ruins at Minoan palace sites are used to

  A. verify the location of the first human settlements on Crete.

  B. compare common pottery with expensive works owned by the wealthy.

  C. help sketch a rough chronology of ancient Minoan culture

  D. illustrate common themes in Minoan art and architecture.

 

2. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT true about early Minoan pottery?

  A. It had an unsophisticated design.

  B. It was fashioned using a mechanical wheel.

  C. It had a reputation for being practical.

  D. It was molded into uneven shapes.

例题分析

1）例题1是关于克里特宫殿遗址的使用目的。从短文中找出使用目的，然后选择和其内容相一致的选项。因为事实题型完全以原文内容为依据，所以找到表明根据的段落文字，就可以作为解答问题的根据。这道题属于文章完成型，所以选项应该是问题之后出现的内容。

E.g. 一般疑问句的问题：for what purpose are the ruins at Minoan palace sites used?

文章完成型的问题：the ruins at Minoan palace sites are used to+选项？

 

2）例题2选择不属于初期克里特瓷器特点的选项，也就是和短文相对立的内容。否定事实类题型和事实类题型相似，一两段文章之内就能找到答案，但是有时也会出和全文整体内容相反的题。往往在题干中出现not或者except等单词，而且都是以大写字母出现。

 

 

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